World Journal of Engineering Research and Technology

Muhammad Nasir Uddin*

ABSTRACT

The automotive industry has put in significant effort to increase energy efficiency and decrease harmful emissions. However, friction and wear remain a persistent issue, leading to increased environmental risks due to higher fuel consumption and wear debris. Lubricants act as an anti-friction medium, reducing friction, wear, and frequent failure. Thus, researchers have focused on modifying lubricating oils with additives to improve their characteristics, given the constant need for lubricants in transportation, agriculture, and other industrial sectors. This review article aims to highlight the research done in the area of using bio-lubricants with Nano additions for tribological applications, specifically in the automotive industry. To achieve this goal, thorough research is required to determine the appropriate Nanoparticles and bio-lubricants based on important characteristics such as viscosity, flash point, biodegradability, thermo-oxidative and storage stability of the oils, techno-economics, and sustainability. The study examined the tribological properties of a bio-lubricant made from sandbox seed oil that was enhanced with copper (II) oxide nanoparticles. The findings indicate that the addition of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles to sandbox oil improved its tribological properties. The review's contribution will help specialists and academics working in the bio-lubricant sector to address the significant challenges associated with eco-friendly oil manufacturing that relies on sustainable resources. Additionally, this review study sheds light on the tribological and thermo-physical properties of bio-lubricants, which could lead to the development of more environmentally friendly car engines.

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